藏北高寒草甸土壤线虫群落结构对增温的响应

王学霞; 高清竹; 干珠扎布; 胡国铮; 栗文瀚

doi:10.11829/j.issn.1001-0629.2017-0346

藏北高寒草甸土壤线虫群落结构对增温的响应

1.
1. 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所/农业部农业环境与气候变化重点实验室,北京 100081
2.
2. 北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,北京 100097
3.
4.
中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所/农业部农业环境与气候变化重点实验室,北京 100081

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金(青年)(31600366)

国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0502003)

摘要: 为揭示增温对高寒草甸土壤线虫群落的影响,利用OTC模拟短期和长期增温对藏北高寒草甸土壤线虫群落进行比较研究。结果表明,短期和长期增温改变了土壤线虫的群落组成,增加了双垫刃属(Ditylenchus)和丽突属(Acrobeles)丰度。长期增温导致食真菌类线虫丰度显著增加,但各处理间食细菌类线虫、植物寄生类线虫、杂食/捕食类线虫丰度以及cp1-5类群的丰度和属数量无显著差异(P>0.05)。短期和长期增温均降低了土壤线虫的多样性和均匀度,其中2015年短期增温处理显著降低了其多样性。2015年和2016年短期和长期增温土壤显著降低了线虫数量,较对照分别降低了34.45%、32.09%和25.34%和22.66%。各处理样地间MI(Maturity index)、NCR(Nematode channel ratio)、PPI(Plant parasite index)和WI(Wasilewska index)指数无显著差异(P>0.05),且均表现出WI>1,NCR>0.5,表明增温对高寒草甸的健康状态影响不大,土壤有机质矿化途径主要由食细菌和真菌线虫参与。环境因素与土壤线虫数量冗余分析表明,植物总盖度、莎草科盖度、土壤温湿度、细菌和真菌数量对土壤线虫数量影响达到显著水平(P<0.05),增温通过改变植物、土壤理化性质和微生物数量等环境因子而影响高寒草甸土壤线虫群落组成。

关键词:

English

Soil nematode community response to warming in alpine meadows of northern Tibet

1.
1. Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081
2.
2. Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources, Beijing Agricultural Forestry Academy, Beijing 100097
3.
4.
Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081

Received Date: 2017-06-22
Publish Date: 2018-06-19

Abstract: To understand the effect of warming on soil nematode communities in alpine meadows, soil nematode communities were compared in short-term and long-term warming by OTC (open top chamber)simulation in northern Tibet. The results showed that the community composition of soil nematodes was changed and the abundance of Ditylenchus and Acrobeles were increased by short-term and long-term warming. The abundance of fungivores (Fu) was increased significantly by long-term warming; however, the abundance of bacterivores (Ba), plant-parasites (Pp), predators/omnivores (Om), and cp1-5 groups was not significantly different among the treatments studied. The diversity and evenness of soil nematodes were reduced by both short-term and long-term warming. The diversity of soil nematodes in 2015 was significantly reduced in the short-term warming treatment. As compared with the control, the number of soil nematodes in the short-term and long-term treatments was significantly decreased in 2015 and 2016. The values were decreased by 34.45% and 32.09% in 2015 and 25.34% and 22.66% in 2016, respectively. The effect of warming on MI, NCR, PPI, and WI index were not significant in the study treatments, and WI > 1, NCR > 0.5, showed that warming had a little effect on the health of alpine meadows. Moreover, the decomposition of organic matter depended mainly on Fu and Ba in this study. The correlations among environmental factors and the number soil nematodes were analyzed by redundancy analysis. The results showed that the total plant cover, Cyperaceae cover, soil temperature and moisture, and number of bacteria and fungi were important factors affecting the number of total nematodes, Ba, Fu, Pp, and Om. Therefore, certain changes in nematode community structure and composition have taken place due to the plants, soil, physical, and chemical properties, and the number of microbes were changed by raising temperature in alpine meadows.

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藏北高寒草甸土壤线虫群落结构对增温的响应

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Soil nematode community response to warming in alpine meadows of northern Tibet

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