Discussion on the construction mode of a comprehensive natural resource observation station network

Following the concept of “mountains-rivers-forests-farmlands-lakes-grasslands-sands system is a life community”, building a comprehensive natural resource observation station network to obtain systematically long-term, continuous, multi-scale and multi-element natural resource observation data can provide scientific support for the “two unifications” management of natural resources, being land spatial planning and ecological protection and restoration. This paper summarizes the present status of typical observation station network construction in China and abroad. The basic positioning, construction principles, architecture design, construction objectives and essential progress of the observation station networks are briefly described. Five construction modes are discussed: building stations in open plots (mainly by self-construction), integration and co-construction, demand traction and government support, achievement transformation and enterprise participation, and investigation-monitoring-observation integration. The preliminary results of important ecologically functional areas such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Yellow River Basin, the Heihe River Basin, and the Tarim River Basin are mainly introduced, and some thoughts and suggestions on how to implement the new “green” and “sharing” development concepts in the new period are put forward.