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东乌珠穆沁旗牧户草地流转中的转入行为

包那仁满都拉, 张裕凤

包那仁满都拉,张裕凤. 东乌珠穆沁旗牧户草地流转中的转入行为. 草业科学, 2023, 40(2): 561-570 . DOI: 10.11829/j.issn.1001-0629.2022-0545
引用本文: 包那仁满都拉,张裕凤. 东乌珠穆沁旗牧户草地流转中的转入行为. 草业科学, 2023, 40(2): 561-570 . DOI: 10.11829/j.issn.1001-0629.2022-0545
Baonarenmandula, ZHANG Y F. Study of the transfer behavior of herdsmen’s grasslands in East Ujimqin Banner. Pratacultural Science, 2023, 40(2): 561-570 . DOI: 10.11829/j.issn.1001-0629.2022-0545
Citation: Baonarenmandula, ZHANG Y F. Study of the transfer behavior of herdsmen’s grasslands in East Ujimqin Banner. Pratacultural Science, 2023, 40(2): 561-570 . DOI: 10.11829/j.issn.1001-0629.2022-0545

东乌珠穆沁旗牧户草地流转中的转入行为

基金项目: 内蒙古自治区研究生科研创新资助项目(S20210277Z);内蒙古师范大学研究生科研创新基金项目(CXJJS21151);内蒙古自治区研究生教育教学改革项目(JGCG2022027);内蒙古师范大学基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2022JBZH012)
摘要: 为提升牧民的草地流转意愿,促进牧区草地的规模化经营。基于二元Logistic模型和逐步回归的步骤和要求,从牧户个人特征、家庭特征、资源特征、草地特征4个方面,对东乌珠穆沁旗牧户牧草地转入行为及规模的影响因素进行实证分析。结果表明:牧区草地流转已初具规模,以集体经济组织内部流转为主,草地主要集中在分散牧户手中;集中各项资源优势的牧户倾向于转入草地;草地转入规模受多种变量的影响。因此,建议逐步推动牧区草原承包经营权流转市场;完善流转户的相关保障制度;加强草原承包经营权的宣传力度,提高牧户意识;加大教育投入,培育新型规模经营主体。

 

English

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  • 表  1   牧户及家庭基本特征

    Table  1   Basic characteristics of the herdsmen and families

    类型
    Type
    项目
    Item
    人数
    Number
    占比
    Proportion/%
    户主的性别
    Gender of the
    head of
    household
    男 Male 210 92.92
    女 Female 16 7.08
    户主的学历
    Education of
    the household
    head
    小学
    Elementary school
    69 30.53
    初中
    Junior high school
    83 36.73
    高中 High school 56 24.78
    大专及以上
    College degree or above
    18 7.94
    家庭成员数
    Number
    of family
    members
    2~4 174 77.00
    5~7 52 23.00
    家庭性质
    Family
    nature
    纯牧业户
    Pure herding households
    163 72.12
    兼业户
    Part-time households
    49 21.68
    非牧业户
    Non-pastoral households
    14 6.19
    牲畜头数
    Number of
    heads of
    livestock
    400头以下
    Less than 400 heads
    128 56.64
    400~700头
    400~700 heads
    83 36.73
    700~1 000头
    700~1 000 heads
    10 4.42
    1 000头以上
    More than 1 000 heads
    5 2.21
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2   模型各解释变量的赋值及其分布情况

    Table  2   The assignment and distribution of each explanatory variable in the model

    牧户特征
    Characteristics of
    pastoral households
    变量名称
    Variable name
    变量赋值及说明
    Variable assignment
    and description
    均值
    Mean
    方差
    Variance
    个人特征
    Characteristics
    of the herdsmen
    性别(男)
    Gender (male)
    是 = 1;否 = 0
    Yes = 1; No = 0
    0.930.07
    受教育程度
    Educational attainment
    小学 = 1;初中 = 2;高中 = 3;大专及以上 = 4
    Elementary school = 1; Junior high school = 2; High school = 3;
    College degree or above = 4
    2.100.87
    年龄 Age18~30岁 = 1;31~40岁 = 2;41~50岁 = 3;51岁及其以上 = 4
    18~30 years old = 1; 31~40 years old = 2; 41~50 years old = 3;
    51 years old and above = 4
    2.510.43
    家庭特征
    Family
    characteristics
    家庭成员数
    Number of family members
    连续变量
    Continuous variables
    3.771.18
    是否兼业户
    Whether a part-time household
    是 = 1;否 = 0
    Yes = 1; No = 0
    0.280.20
    家庭年收入
    Annual household income
    10万~25万 = 1;25万~40万 = 2;40万~55万 = 3;
    55万~70万 = 4;70万及其以上 = 5
    10~25 million = 1; 25~40 million = 2; 40~55 million = 3;
    55~70 million = 4; 70 million and above = 5
    1.620.79
    牲畜收入所占比重
    Proportion of livestock income
    家庭总收入中牲畜收入占比,连续变量
    Proportion of livestock income in total household
    income, continuous variables
    0.670.03
    资源特征
    Resource
    characteristics
    家庭劳动力数量
    Number of household laborers
    连续变量
    Continuous variables
    3.380.95
    承包草地面积
    Contracted grassland area
    连续变量
    Continuous variables
    384.8127 149.21
    农牧业机械数量
    Pieces of agricultural and
    animal husbandry machinery
    拖拉机 + 打草机 + 捆草机 + 卡车 + 铲车 + 皮卡 +
    摩托车 + 拉水车,连续变量
    Tractor + grass trimmer + bundle of grass machine +
    truck + forklift + pickup truck + the motorcycle +
    water truck, continuous variables
    0.971.16
    牲畜养殖结构
    Livestock breeding structure
    牛 + 羊 + 马,连续变量
    Cow + sheep + horse, continuous variables
    1.810.44
    牧户草地特征
    Grassland
    characteristics
    of herdsmen
    草地片数
    Number of grassland blocks
    连续变量
    Continuous variables
    2.360.55
    草地生态状况
    Ecological status of grasslands
    好 = 1;一般 = 2;差 = 3
    Good = 1; Average = 2; Poor = 3
    2.130.27
    水源是否充足
    Whether the water source is sufficient
    是 = 1;否 = 0
    Yes = 1; No = 0
    0.650.23
    草地载畜量
    Livestock capacity of grassland
    每公顷草地上能够养殖的羊单位数,连续变量
    The number of sheep units that can be raised per hectare
    of grassland, Continuous variables
    206.117.4
    自然灾害数
    Number of natural disasters
    虫灾 + 雹灾 + 雪灾 + 旱灾,连续变量
    Pests + hailstorm + snow + drought,continuous variables
    1.930.32
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3   牧户草地转入行为特征

    Table  3   Pastoral grassland turn behavioral characteristics

    类型
    Type
    样本数据
    Sample data
    数量
    Quantity
    占比
    Proportion/%
    牧户数
    Number of herdsmen
    转出草地牧户 Turn out of the meadow herdsmen 58 25.66
    转入草地牧户 Transfer to grassland herdsmen 168 74.34
    草地流转面积
    Area of grassland circulation/hm2
    转出草地面积 Turn out the grass area 14 886.55 17.71
    转入草地面积 Conversion to grassland area 69 178.07 82.29
    不同流转方式的草地流转面积
    Grassland circulation area with
    different circulation methods/hm2
    出租 Hire 8 096.73 9.63
    转包 Subcontract 63 781.55 75.87
    入股 Become a shareholder 12 186.34 14.50
    不同流转模式的草地流转面积
    Grassland circulation area with different
    circulation patterns/hm2
    分散牧户流转模式 Decentralized pastoral circulation model 50 192.95 60.00
    家庭牧场流转模式 Family ranch circulation model 20 445.33 24.00
    合作社流转模式 Cooperative circulation model 13 426.34 16.00
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4   共线性检验结果

    Table  4   Collinearity test results

    变量
    Variable
    容差
    Tolerance
    VIF
    户主性别(男) Head of household gender (male) 0.953 1.050
    年龄 Age 0.414 2.415
    受教育程度 Educational attainment 0.521 1.918
    家庭成员数 Number of family members 0.148 6.772
    是否兼业户 Whether part-time household 0.443 2.257
    家庭年收入 Annual household income 0.182 5.502
    牲畜收入比重 Share of livestock income 0.267 3.739
    劳动力数量 Number of laborers 0.281 3.560
    承包草地面积 Contracted grassland area 0.142 7.053
    农牧业机械数量 Pieces of agricultural
    and animal husbandry machinery
    0.853 1.172
    牲畜养殖结构 Livestock breeding structure 0.814 1.229
    草地片数 Number of grass patches 0.679 1.473
    草地生态状况 Ecological status of grasslands 0.926 1.080
    水源是否充足 Adequacy of water source 0.820 1.219
    草地载畜量 Livestock capacity of grassland 0.526 1.902
    自然灾害数 Number of natural disasters 0.795 1.258
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5   牧户草地转入行为的影响因素模型结果

    Table  5   Results of the model of influencing factors of herder’s grassland transition behavior

    自变量
    Independent variable
    β标准误差
    Standard error
    瓦尔德
    Wald
    自由度
    df
    sigExp (β)
    户主性别(男) Head of household gender (male) 2.664 1.826 2.127 1 0.145 14.347
    年龄 Age −4.011 1.690 5.634 1 0.018** 0.018
    受教育程度 Educational attainment 0.908 1.356 0.449 1 0.503 2.480
    家庭成员数 Number of family members 2.191 1.390 2.483 1 0.115 8.940
    是否兼业户 Whether part-time household −2.107 1.614 1.704 1 0.192 0.122
    家庭年收入 Annual household income 2.500 1.471 2.888 1 0.089* 12.178
    牲畜收入所占比重 Share of livestock income 43.401 12.589 11.885 1 0.001*** 7.060
    劳动力数量 Number of laborers 1.392 1.140 1.489 1 0.222 4.021
    承包草地面积 Contracted grassland area −0.003 0.001 9.275 1 0.002*** 0.997
    农牧业机械数量 Pieces of agricultural and animal husbandry machinery 1.282 0.718 3.192 1 0.074* 3.604
    牲畜养殖结构 Livestock breeding structure 0.730 1.010 0.522 1 0.470 2.076
    草地片数 Number of pasture films −1.262 0.851 2.201 1 0.138 0.283
    草地生态状况 Ecological status of grasslands −0.871 1.078 0.652 1 0.419 0.419
    水源是否充足 Adequate water source 0.590 1.325 0.198 1 0.656 1.804
    草地载畜量 Livestock capacity of grassland 5.250 1.632 10.355 1 0.001*** 190.655
    自然灾害数 Number of natural disasters −0.456 1.050 0.188 1 0.664 0.634
    常量 Constant −85.565 28.837 8.804 1 0.003 0.000
     ***、**和*分别表示在0.01、0.05和0.1的显著水平。
     ***, **, and * indicate significance at the 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 levels, respectively.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6   牧户草地转入规模的影响因素模型结果

    Table  6   Results of the model of influencing factors of pastoral grassland transition scale

    模型
    Model
    未标准化系数
    Coefficients are not standardized
    标准化系数
    Normalized coefficients
    tSig.
    β标准误差
    Standard error
    Beta
    常量 Constant 3.082 1.130 2.727 0.007
    受教育程度 Educational attainment 1.180 0.296 0.275 3.984 0.000
    牲畜养殖结构 Livestock breeding structure −1.838 0.454 −0.282 −4.052 0.000
    水源是否充足 Adequate water source 1.605 0.551 0.204 2.913 0.004
    农牧业机械数量 Pieces of agricultural
    and animal husbandry machinery
    0.663 0.241 0.190 2.749 0.007
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 通讯作者: 张裕凤
  • 收稿日期:  2022-07-04
  • 接受日期:  2022-09-29
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-12-18
  • 发布日期:  2023-02-14

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