燕麦–豆草混播组合对草地生产性能的影响
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参考文献
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图 1 试验期间月平均气温与降水量
Figure 1. Average monthly air temperature and precipitation during the test period
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图 2 混播组合牧草鲜干比和干草产量的比较
Figure 2. Comparison of fresh-to-dry ratio and hay yield of mixed sowing combinations
表 1 试验处理
Table 1 Test treatment
播种模式
Sowing mode处理编号
Treatment number品种组合
Variety combination播种量
Seed rate/(kg·hm−2)同行混播
Peer mixingYG 燕麦 + 光叶紫花苕 Avena sativa + Vicia villosa Roth 75 + 40 YJ 燕麦 + 箭筈豌豆 Avena sativa + Vicia sativa 75 + 45 YM 燕麦 + 毛苕子 Avena sativa + Vicia villosa 75 + 30 单播
UnicastingYD 燕麦 Avena sativa 120 GD 光叶紫花苕 Vicia villosa Roth 60 JD 箭筈豌豆 Vicia sativa 75 MD 毛苕子 Vicia villosa 60 
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表 2 混播组合牧草株高和分蘖(枝)数的比较
Table 2 Comparison of plant height and number of tillers (branches) of mixed sowing combinations
处理
Treatment株高 Plant height/cm 每平方米分蘖(枝)数 Number of (branches) tillers per square meter 燕麦 Avena sativa 豆草 Bean grass 燕麦 Avena sativa 豆草 Bean grass 燕麦−豆草 Avena sativa−bean grass YG 90.17 ± 0.57a 75.88 ± 1.24b 985.21 ± 8.34ab 278.62 ± 8.31d 1 263.83 ± 17.43a YJ 82.32 ± 0.79b 51.83 ± 2.54c 1 050.04 ± 47.75a 201.65 ± 10.33e 1 251.69 ± 41.94a YM 84.13 ± 0.31b 75.33 ± 3.12b 913.43 ± 13.67bc 356.21 ± 5.07c 1 269.64 ± 13.82a YD 84.21 ± 2.13b − 885.59 ± 27.73c − 885.59 ± 28.28b GD − 75.82 ± 3.21b − 616.78 ± 8.99b 616.78 ± 10.29c JD − 41.50 ± 0.76d − 778.09 ± 22.57a 778.09 ± 25.35d MD − 87.45 ± 0.61a − 683.37 ± 31.49b 683.37 ± 26.47c 不同小写字母表示不同处理间存在显著差异(P < 0.05)；处理编号参见表1；下同。
Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at the 0.05 level; the code of the treatments refer to Table 1; this is applicable for the following tables and figures as well.
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表 3 混播组合牧草营养指标的比较
Table 3 Comparison of nutrient indexes of mixed combination forage
处理 Treatment 粗灰分 Ash/% 粗脂肪 EE/% 粗蛋白 CP/% 中性洗涤纤维 NDF/% 酸性洗涤纤维 ADF/% 相对饲喂价值 RFV YG 5.57 ± 0.09bc 1.36 ± 0.07bc 8.34 ± 0.09c 55.25 ± 0.56a 33.90 ± 0.55c 105.22 ± 1.04c YJ 4.70 ± 0.05d 1.15 ± 0.06d 9.41 ± 0.04b 50.48 ± 1.27ab 38.16 ± 0.63bc 108.61 ± 3.62c YM 6.68 ± 0.06a 1.46 ± 0.08b 8.24 ± 0.03c 53.42 ± 0.70a 35.58 ± 0.55c 106.78 ± 1.28c YD 4.88 ± 0.08d 1.35 ± 0.06bc 6.24 ± 0.14d 53.36 ± 0.90a 40.12 ± 0.91b 99.38 ± 3.34d GD 5.61 ± 0.17bc 1.27 ± 0.06cd 12.58 ± 0.29a 40.16 ± 1.41c 45.17 ± 1.02a 124.42 ± 2.95b JD 5.76 ± 0.15b 1.21 ± 0.02cd 12.85 ± 0.34a 48.72 ± 0.58bc 29.96 ± 1.15d 125.18 ± 2.46b MD 5.27 ± 0.12c 1.91 ± 0.08a 12.59 ± 0.44a 44.98 ± 0.71c 31.54 ± 0.84cd 133.04 ± 1.98a Ash: crude ash; EE: ether extract; CP: crude protein; NDF: neutral detergent fiber; ADF: acid detergent fiber; RFV: relative feeding value.
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表 4 饲草主要性状的特征值和累计贡献率
Table 4 The characteristic value and cumulative contribution rate of the main traits of forage
指标
Index因子1
Factor 1因子2
Factor 2X1 0.838 0.345 X2 0.791 −0.192 X3 0.871 0.440 X4 0.172 −0.921 X5 −0.935 0.092 X6 −0.782 0.352 特征值 Eigenvalue 3.601 1.330 方差贡献率
Variance contribution rate/%60.010 22.169 累积贡献率
Cumulative contribution rate/%60.010 82.179 X1：总分蘖(枝)数；X2：鲜干比；X3：干草产量；X4：粗灰分；X5：粗蛋白；X6：相对饲喂价值；下表同。
X1: total number of (branches) tillers; X2: fresh to dry ratio; X3: hay yield; X4: crude ash; X5: crude protein; X6: relative feeding value; this is applicable for the following tables as well.
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表 5 饲草主要性状的特征向量
Table 5 Feature vector of main traits of forage
指标 Index A1 A2 X1 0.442 0.299 X2 0.417 −0.166 X3 0.459 0.382 X4 0.091 −0.799 X5 −0.493 0.080 X6 −0.412 0.305
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表 6 饲草主要性状的标准化数据
Table 6 Standardized data of main traits of forage
处理 Treatment X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 YG 0.936 0.011 1.209 −0.246 −0.642 −0.878 YJ 1.144 0.247 0.422 1.376 −0.237 −0.658 YM 0.999 0.483 1.099 −1.666 −0.680 0.334 YD −0.292 1.505 −0.014 0.970 −1.438 −1.258 GD −1.181 −1.797 −1.560 −0.246 0.964 0.370 JD −0.646 −0.460 −0.420 −0.449 1.066 0.419 MD −0.960 0.011 −0.736 0.261 0.968 1.670
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表 7 燕麦−豆草混播组合综合排名
Table 7 Comprehensive ranking of Avena sativa−bean grass mixed sowing combinations
处理 Treatment Y1 Y2 Y 排名 Rank YG 1.629 0.617 1.356 1 YJ 1.316 −0.857 0.730 4 YM 1.193 2.016 1.415 2 YD 1.808 −1.616 0.884 3 GD −2.638 −0.264 −1.997 7 JD −1.409 0.295 −0.949 5 MD −1.899 −0.192 −1.438 6
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[1] 谢开云, 曹凯, 万江春, 王玉祥, 赵云, 朱进忠. 新疆半干旱区不同豆科/禾本科牧草混播草地生产力的变化研究. 草业学报, 2020, 29(4): 29-40. doi: 10.11686/cyxb2019314 XIE K Y, CAO K, WAN J C, WANG Y X, ZHAO Y, ZHU J Z. Change in productivity of swards of different forage legume and grass species monocultures and combinations in the semi-arid region of Xinjiang Province. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(4): 29-40. doi: 10.11686/cyxb2019314
[2] FOSTER A, VERA C L, MALHI S S, CLARKE R. Forage yield of simple and complex grass–legume mixtures under two management strategies. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 2014, 94(1): 41-50. doi: 10.4141/cjps2013-095
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