公共选修课《草原文化与旅游》的教学实践与存在问题探析
English
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1月份，猪肉、牛肉、鸡肉、鸡蛋价格同比分别上涨7.54%、0.19%、8.19%和12.46%；羊肉价格同比下降5.44%；玉米、豆粕、棉粕、菜粕、DDGS价格同比分别上涨8.28%、35.87%、20.70%、9.01%和34.20%。
一. 除牛肉、羊肉外，肉类价格均下跌
1月份，猪肉价格为24.09 CNY·kg−1，环比下跌18.34%，西部地区分别高于东部和中部地区0.08%、0.00%；牛肉价格为77.67 CNY·kg−1，环比上涨0.26%，牛肉价格中部地区分别高于东部和西部地区0.04%和0.03%；羊肉价格为68.25 CNY·kg−1，环比上涨1.01%，东部地区分别高于中部和西部地区0.02%和0.05%；鸡肉和鸡蛋价格分别为18.75和11.01 CNY·kg−1，鸡肉价格环比下跌1.63%，鸡蛋价格环比下跌6.38%，鸡肉价格西部地区分别高于东部和中部地区0.19%和0.26%，鸡蛋价格西部地区分别高于东部和中部地区0.14%和0.11%。
二. 除玉米外，饲料价格均下跌
1月份，玉米价格为2 903.69 CNY·t−1，环比上涨0.36%，东部地区分别高于中部和西部地区0.00%和0.06%；豆粕价格为4984.61 CNY·t−1，环比下跌5.34%，东部地区高于中部和西部地区0.01%和0.05%；棉粕价格为3939.11 CNY·t−1，环比下跌3.90%，东部地区高于中部和西部地区0.11%和 0.11%；菜粕价格为3384.17 CNY·t−1，环比下跌1.05%，东部地区分别高于中部和西部地区0.01%和0.01%； DDGS价格为3091.30 CNY·t−1，环比下跌2.12%，中部地区高于东部地区0.02%。
数据来源：猪肉、牛肉、羊肉、鸡肉和鸡蛋http://pfsc.agri.cn/#/marketQuotation；大豆和豆粕：http://www.zhuwang.cc/，http://www.pigol.cn/；棉粕http://www.feedtrade.com.cn/，http://www.chinafeed.org.cn/。东部、中部和西部的划分依据国家统计局将全国的划分标准，东部：北京、天津、河北、辽宁、上海、福建、浙江、江苏、山东、广东，中部：山西、吉林、黑龙江、安徽、江西、湖北、湖南、河南，西部：内蒙古、贵州、云南、西藏、陕西、甘肃、青海、宁夏、新疆、广西、重庆。
(兰州大学草地农业科技学院 张小云 整理)
参考文献
[1] 刘小庆, 明庆华. 大学生对待公共选修课态度存在的问题与对策:湖北大学和华中师范大学为例. 高等理科教育, 2014, 114(2): 49-56. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-4076.2014.02.010 LIU X Q, MING Q H. Problems and countermeasures of college students' attitude towards public elective courses-a case of Hubei University and Central China Normal University. Higher Education of Science, 2014, 114(2): 49-56. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-4076.2014.02.010
[2] 林同. 大学公共选修课存在的问题和提高教学质量的途径. 西南师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2015, 40(7): 193-198. LIN T. On public elective courses problems in universities and ways by which teaching quality is improved. Journal of Southwest China Normal University (Natural Science Edition), 2015, 40(7): 193-198.
[3] 刘琳, 孙飞达, 张新全, 干友民, 刘伟. 草地生态学教学改革探索:以四川农业大学为例. 草业科学, 2016, 33(6): 1232-1239. LIU L, SUN F D, ZHANG X Q, GAN Y M, LIU W. Exploration on reform in " Grassland Ecology” course:A case of Sichuan Agricultural University. Pratacultural Science, 2016, 33(6): 1232-1239.
[4] 曹文侠, 蒲小鹏. 农业院校开设公共选修课的教学改革与实践. 甘肃农业, 2012, 21: 87-89. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-9019.2012.01.041 CAO W X, PU X P. Reform and practice of public elective courses in agricultural colleges. Gansu Agriculture, 2012, 21: 87-89. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-9019.2012.01.041
[5] 杨富裕, 陈佐忠, 张蕴薇. 草原旅游理论与管理实务. 北京: 中国旅游出版社, 2007 YANG F Y, CHEN Z Z, ZHANG Y W. Grassland tourism theory and management practice. Beijing: China Tourism Publishing House, 2007.
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图 1 《草原文化与旅游》公选课学生年级构成
Figure 1. Demography of students in “Grassland Culture and Tourism”
表 1 《草原文化与旅游》公选课调研问卷
Table 1 Questionnaire on public elective courses in “Grassland Culture and Tourism”
问卷模块 Questionnaire 问题 Questions 1. 选课依据
Course selection basis1) 你选该课程的最初目的？For what purpose did you choose this course?
2) 你已经修完的选修课门数和计划总共修的课程门数？How many elective courses you have completed and how many courses do you plan to take in total?
3) 对你来说辅助选该课程的最重要信息？What information would help you to choose this course?2. 学习态度
Attitude to learning4) 你在必修课和选修课学习态度上的差异？What differences do you choose from compulsory courses and elective courses?
5) 你在本选修课的出勤率如何？How often do you attend this course?
6) 你对考勤点名方式有何看法？What is your opinion on the method of calling the roll?
7) 你上该选修课时经常做的事情？What do you often do in elective courses?
8) 你上该课不认真听讲的原因？Are there reasons why you do not listen carefully in the class?
9) 若出勤情况不好的重要原因？What are the reasons if you are often absent from the class?3. 考核方式
Test methods10) 该课实际情况与自己的初衷的差异？What differences do you think there are between the actual teaching and the original intention of this course?
11) 你所希望合理的考核方式？What do you expect as a reasonable assessment of the course?
12) 你对选修课签到的看法？What is your opinion on the sign in process for the class?4. 授课评价
Teaching evaluation13) 你喜欢哪种授课方式？Which methods of teaching do you prefer?
14) 你认为老师对该课的态度？What do you think of teacher’s attitude to this course?
15) 你认为老师的哪些方面对你的上课效果影响较大？What aspects of the teacher do you think have a big impact on your learning?
16) 哪种授课方式更能提高你的学习效果？Which teaching methods improve your learning?
17) 你对老师的授课是否满意？Are you satisfied with the teacher’s teaching?
18) 你对这门课的建议和意见？What suggestions and comments do you with respect to this course?
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[1] 刘小庆, 明庆华. 大学生对待公共选修课态度存在的问题与对策:湖北大学和华中师范大学为例. 高等理科教育, 2014, 114(2): 49-56. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-4076.2014.02.010 LIU X Q, MING Q H. Problems and countermeasures of college students' attitude towards public elective courses-a case of Hubei University and Central China Normal University. Higher Education of Science, 2014, 114(2): 49-56. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-4076.2014.02.010
[2] 林同. 大学公共选修课存在的问题和提高教学质量的途径. 西南师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2015, 40(7): 193-198. LIN T. On public elective courses problems in universities and ways by which teaching quality is improved. Journal of Southwest China Normal University (Natural Science Edition), 2015, 40(7): 193-198.
[3] 刘琳, 孙飞达, 张新全, 干友民, 刘伟. 草地生态学教学改革探索:以四川农业大学为例. 草业科学, 2016, 33(6): 1232-1239. LIU L, SUN F D, ZHANG X Q, GAN Y M, LIU W. Exploration on reform in " Grassland Ecology” course:A case of Sichuan Agricultural University. Pratacultural Science, 2016, 33(6): 1232-1239.
[4] 曹文侠, 蒲小鹏. 农业院校开设公共选修课的教学改革与实践. 甘肃农业, 2012, 21: 87-89. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-9019.2012.01.041 CAO W X, PU X P. Reform and practice of public elective courses in agricultural colleges. Gansu Agriculture, 2012, 21: 87-89. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-9019.2012.01.041
[5] 杨富裕, 陈佐忠, 张蕴薇. 草原旅游理论与管理实务. 北京: 中国旅游出版社, 2007 YANG F Y, CHEN Z Z, ZHANG Y W. Grassland tourism theory and management practice. Beijing: China Tourism Publishing House, 2007.
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