元上都遗址土地利用及景观格局变化
English
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参考文献
[1] 戴尔阜, 黄宇, 吴卓, 赵东升. 内蒙古草地生态系统碳源/汇时空格局及其与气候因子的关系. 地理学报, 2016, 71(1): 21-34. DAI E F, HUANG Y, WU Z, ZHAO D S. Spatial-temporal features of carbon source-sink andits relationship with climate factors in Inner Mongolia grassland ecosystem. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2016, 71(1): 21-34.
[2] 穆少杰, 朱超, 周可新, 李建龙. 内蒙古草地退化防治对策及碳增汇途径研究. 草地学报, 2017, 25(2): 217-225. MU S J, ZHU C, ZHOU K X, LI J L. The preventive strategies of degradation and the approaches to enhance carbon sequestration ability in Inner Mongolia Grassland. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2017, 25(2): 217-225.
[3] 张巧凤, 刘桂香, 于红博, 包玉海. 基于MOD16A2的锡林郭勒草原近14年的蒸散发时空动态. 草地学报, 2016, 24(2): 286-293. ZHANG Q F, LIU G X, YU H B, BAO Y H. Temporal and spatial dynamic of ET based on MOD16A2 in recent fourteen years in Xilingol steppe. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2016, 24(2): 286-293.
[4] 许楠. 元上都世界文化遗产旅游开发研究. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古大学硕士学位论文, 2014. XU N. Tourism development research of the world cultural heritage in Xanadu. Master Thesis. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia University, 2014.
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[6] 韦惠兰, 祁应军. 基于遥感监测的青藏高原草地退化及其人文驱动力分析. 草业科学, 2016, 33(12): 2576-2586. WEI H L, QI Y J. Analysis of grassland degradation of the Tibet Plateau and human driving forces based on remote sensing. Pratacultural Science, 2016, 33(12): 2576-2586.
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[9] 张静, 张丽, 韩瑞丹, 郑艺. 中东亚干旱区土地覆盖变化和人类占用强度变化特征. 草业科学, 2017, 34(5): 975-987. ZHANG J, ZHANG L, HAN R D, ZHENG Y. Change in land cover and human occupancy of the arid region of Central-East Aisa. Pratacultural Science, 2017, 34(5): 975-987.
[10] Batunacun, NENDEL C, HU Y F, LAKES T. Land-use change and land degradation on the Mongolian Plateau from 1975 to 2015-A case study from Xilingol, China. Land Degradation & Development, 2018, 29(6): 1595-1606.
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[13] 刘冠志, 甄江红, 刘果厚, 李红颖, 刘哲荣, 希吉日. 近20年元上都遗址周边土地利用变化及驱动力. 草业科学, 2015, 32(8): 1363-1371. LIU G Z, ZHEN J H, LIU G H, LI H Y, LIU Z R, Xijiri. Analysis of land usage variations and driving forcesin the area around Xanadu Relics. Pratacul Tural Science, 2015, 32(8): 1363-1371.
[14] 杨星宇. 元上都穆清阁考古发掘述论. 北方文物, 2014(2): 38-42. YANG X Y. The theory of archaeological excavations on the Muqing Ge of the site of Xanadu. Northern Cultural Relics, 2014(2): 38-42.
[15] 曹欢, 高润红, 李梓豪, 岳永杰, 刘果厚. 草原文化遗址元上都区域开发生态环境监测指标体系构建. 内蒙古林业科技, 2015, 41(2): 43-47. CAO H, GAO R H, LI Z H, YUE Y J, LIU G H. Stablishment of index system of monitoring ecoenvironment in the ancientgrassland culture site of the upper capital of the Yuan Dynasty. Journal of Inner Mongolia Forestry Science & Technology, 2015, 41(2): 43-47.
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[18] 彭资, 谷成燕, 刘智勇, 林雯, 周平. 东江流域1989–2009年土地利用变化对生态承载力的影响. 植物生态学报, 2014, 38(7): 675-686. PENG Z, GU C Y, LIU Z Y, LIN W, ZHOU P. Impact of land use change during 1989–2009 on eco-capacity in Dongjiang watershed. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2014, 38(7): 675-686.
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图 2 元上都遗址2013年一级土地利用类型面积比例
Figure 2. Area ratio diagram of first-level land-use types of Xanadu sites in 2013
表 1 元上都遗址区域一级土地利用类型动态率
Table 1 Dynamics of first-level land-use types in Xanadu site
指标
Parameter土地利用类型
Land use type年度 Year 1984–1995 1995–2000 2000–2005 2005–2010 2010–2013 1984–2013 单一土地利用动态率
Single land-use
dynamics/%农田 Farmland 0.56 0.59 − 8.95 − 2.98 0.14 − 1.67 林地 Woodland 0.00 4.80 70.87 0.26 − 3.77 14.00 草地 Grassland − 0.19 − 0.95 0.79 0.74 − 0.08 0.01 水域湿地 Water wetland − 0.13 0.45 − 0.02 − 0.37 5.15 0.49 建设用地 Construction land − 0.09 1.91 1.78 1.10 3.23 1.27 未利用地 Unused land 0.38 4.62 − 2.81 − 1.92 − 3.22 − 0.34 综合土地利用动态率
Comprehensive
land-use dynamics/%0.14 0.57 2.09 0.50 0.62 0.34 
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表 2 元上都遗址区域一级土地利用类型转移矩阵
Table 2 Transfer matrix of first-level land-use types in Xanadu site
土地利用类型
Type of land use2013年 Year 农田
Farmland林地
Woodland草地
Grassland水域湿地
Water wetland建设用地
Construction land未利用地
Unused land1984年
Year农田
Farmland— 18.04 12.97 0 0.44 0 林地
Woodland2.33 — 0 1.13 0.53 1.50 草地
Grassland5.14 5.67 — 2.78 1.59 7.01 水域湿地
Water wetland0 0 0.84 — 0 0 建设用地
Construction land0 0 0.25 0 — 0 未利用地
Unused land0.50 0.21 8.64 0.39 0.14 —
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表 3 1984–2013年一级土地利用类型景观水平特征变化
Table 3 Changes in landscape characteristics of first-level land-use types from 1984 to 2013
指标 Parameter 年份 Year 1984 1995 2000 2005 2010 2013 总面积 Total area (TA)/km2 25 114.34 25 114.34 25 114.34 25 114.34 25 114.34 25 114.34 斑块数 Number of patches (NP) 932 907 915 996 994 968 斑块密度 Patch density (PD)/(No·km -2) 3.71 3.61 3.64 3.97 3.96 3.85 最大斑块所占景观面积的比例 Largest patch index (LPI)/% 49.62 47.55 46.45 47.13 54.28 53.70 景观分割指数 Landscape division index (DIVISION) 0.73 0.75 0.75 0.76 0.69 0.69 Shannon 多样性指数 Shannon's diversity index (SHDI) 1.18 1.19 1.25 1.30 1.26 1.26 Shannon 均匀度指数 Shannon's evenness index (SHEI) 0.66 0.66 0.70 0.73 0.70 0.70 聚集指数 Aggregation index (AI) 89.55 89.46 89.67 89.14 89.26 89.65
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[1] 戴尔阜, 黄宇, 吴卓, 赵东升. 内蒙古草地生态系统碳源/汇时空格局及其与气候因子的关系. 地理学报, 2016, 71(1): 21-34. DAI E F, HUANG Y, WU Z, ZHAO D S. Spatial-temporal features of carbon source-sink andits relationship with climate factors in Inner Mongolia grassland ecosystem. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2016, 71(1): 21-34.
[2] 穆少杰, 朱超, 周可新, 李建龙. 内蒙古草地退化防治对策及碳增汇途径研究. 草地学报, 2017, 25(2): 217-225. MU S J, ZHU C, ZHOU K X, LI J L. The preventive strategies of degradation and the approaches to enhance carbon sequestration ability in Inner Mongolia Grassland. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2017, 25(2): 217-225.
[3] 张巧凤, 刘桂香, 于红博, 包玉海. 基于MOD16A2的锡林郭勒草原近14年的蒸散发时空动态. 草地学报, 2016, 24(2): 286-293. ZHANG Q F, LIU G X, YU H B, BAO Y H. Temporal and spatial dynamic of ET based on MOD16A2 in recent fourteen years in Xilingol steppe. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2016, 24(2): 286-293.
[4] 许楠. 元上都世界文化遗产旅游开发研究. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古大学硕士学位论文, 2014. XU N. Tourism development research of the world cultural heritage in Xanadu. Master Thesis. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia University, 2014.
[5] 希吉日.元上都遗址生态环境变迁及其启示.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学硕士学位论文,2015. Xijiri. The ecological environmental change and apocalypse on the site of Xanadu. Master Thesis. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,2014
[6] 韦惠兰, 祁应军. 基于遥感监测的青藏高原草地退化及其人文驱动力分析. 草业科学, 2016, 33(12): 2576-2586. WEI H L, QI Y J. Analysis of grassland degradation of the Tibet Plateau and human driving forces based on remote sensing. Pratacultural Science, 2016, 33(12): 2576-2586.
[7] SHAO Q F, SHI Y, XIANG Z Y. Monitoring the grassland change in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau: Acase study on Aba County. Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing, 2018, 46(4): 569-580.
[8] 刘娟, 刘华民, 卓义, 刘东伟, 王立新. 毛乌素沙地1990-2014年景观格局变化及驱动力. 草业科学, 2017, 34(2): 255-263. LIU J, LIU H M, ZHUO Y, LIU D W, WANG L X. Dynamics and driving forces of landscape patterns in Mu Us Sandy Land, from 1990 to 2014. Pratacultural Science, 2017, 34(2): 255-263.
[9] 张静, 张丽, 韩瑞丹, 郑艺. 中东亚干旱区土地覆盖变化和人类占用强度变化特征. 草业科学, 2017, 34(5): 975-987. ZHANG J, ZHANG L, HAN R D, ZHENG Y. Change in land cover and human occupancy of the arid region of Central-East Aisa. Pratacultural Science, 2017, 34(5): 975-987.
[10] Batunacun, NENDEL C, HU Y F, LAKES T. Land-use change and land degradation on the Mongolian Plateau from 1975 to 2015-A case study from Xilingol, China. Land Degradation & Development, 2018, 29(6): 1595-1606.
[11] ZHANG F, LI Y, LIU S H, ZHAO S H, WU Y T. Dynamic monitoring of landscape patterns and ecological processes using HJ-1 and SPOT satellite data over Hulunbeier grassland, China. Journal of Earth System Science, 2014, 123(2): 319-328.
[12] 甄江红, 银山, 刘果厚, 特日格乐, 苏日嘎拉图. 草原文化遗址区景观格局变化及其生态风险评估-以元上都为例. 干旱区资源与环境, 2014, 28(12): 159-165. ZHEN J H, YIN S, LIU G H, TE R G L, SU R G L T. Landscape pattern change and ecological risk assessment on the grassland culture relics area-A case of Yuanshangdu. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2014, 28(12): 159-165.
[13] 刘冠志, 甄江红, 刘果厚, 李红颖, 刘哲荣, 希吉日. 近20年元上都遗址周边土地利用变化及驱动力. 草业科学, 2015, 32(8): 1363-1371. LIU G Z, ZHEN J H, LIU G H, LI H Y, LIU Z R, Xijiri. Analysis of land usage variations and driving forcesin the area around Xanadu Relics. Pratacul Tural Science, 2015, 32(8): 1363-1371.
[14] 杨星宇. 元上都穆清阁考古发掘述论. 北方文物, 2014(2): 38-42. YANG X Y. The theory of archaeological excavations on the Muqing Ge of the site of Xanadu. Northern Cultural Relics, 2014(2): 38-42.
[15] 曹欢, 高润红, 李梓豪, 岳永杰, 刘果厚. 草原文化遗址元上都区域开发生态环境监测指标体系构建. 内蒙古林业科技, 2015, 41(2): 43-47. CAO H, GAO R H, LI Z H, YUE Y J, LIU G H. Stablishment of index system of monitoring ecoenvironment in the ancientgrassland culture site of the upper capital of the Yuan Dynasty. Journal of Inner Mongolia Forestry Science & Technology, 2015, 41(2): 43-47.
[16] 武录义, 岳永杰, 刘果厚, 高润红, 刘冠志. 近30年元上都遗址区气候变化特征及突变分析. 科技通报, 2016, 32(1): 54-58. WU L Y, YUE Y J, LIU G H, GAO R H, LIU G Z. Analysis of characteristics and mutation climate change of Xanadu Site innearly thirty years. Bulletinof Scienceand Technology, 2016, 32(1): 54-58.
[17] 环境保护部. HJ192-2015 生态环境状况评价技术规范. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 2015. Environmental Protection Department. HJ192-2015 Technical Criterion for Eco-environmental Status Evaluation. Beijing: China Environmental Science Press, 2015.
[18] 彭资, 谷成燕, 刘智勇, 林雯, 周平. 东江流域1989–2009年土地利用变化对生态承载力的影响. 植物生态学报, 2014, 38(7): 675-686. PENG Z, GU C Y, LIU Z Y, LIN W, ZHOU P. Impact of land use change during 1989–2009 on eco-capacity in Dongjiang watershed. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2014, 38(7): 675-686.
[19] 王范霞, 毋兆鹏. 近40a来精河流域绿洲土地利用/土地覆被时空动态演变. 干旱区资源与环境, 2013, 27(2): 150-155. WANG F X, WU Z P. The dynamic progression of temporal and spatial changes of the land use/landcover in Jinghe valley oasis. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2013, 27(2): 150-155.
[20] 任志远, 张晗. 银川盆地土地利用变化对景观格局脆弱性的影响. 应用生态学报, 2016, 27(1): 243-249. REN Z Y, ZHANG H. Effects of land use change on landscape pattern vulnerability in Yinchuan Basin, Northwest, China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2016, 27(1): 243-249.
[21] YEH C T, HUANG S L. Inverstigating spatiotemporal patterns of landscape diversity in response to urbanization. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2009, 93(3/4): 151-162.
[22] 董玉红, 刘世梁, 安南南, 尹艺洁, 王军, 邱扬. 基于景观指数和空间自相关的吉林大安市景观格局动态研究. 自然资源学报, 2015, 30(11): 1860-1871. DONG Y H, LIU S L, AN N N, YIN Y J, WANG J, QIU Y. Landscape pattern in Da’an city of Jilin province based on landscape indices and local spatial autocorrelation analysis. Journal of Natural Resources, 2015, 30(11): 1860-1871.
[23] 余畅. 元上都遗址价值与旅游资源研究. 内蒙古师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 2014, 43(5): 160-163. YU C. On the value of the Site of Xanadu and its tourist resources. Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University (Philosophy & Social Science), 2014, 43(5): 160-163.
[24] 赵汝冰, 肖如林, 万华伟, 刘慧明, 高帅, 刘思含, 付卓, 檀畅, 闻瑞红, 唐浩竣. 锡林郭勒盟草地变化监测及驱动力分析. 中国环境科学, 2017, 37(12): 4734-4743. ZHAO R B, XIAO R L, WAN H W, LIU H M, GAO S, LIU S H, FU Z, TAN C, WEN R H, TANG H J. Grassland change monitoring and driving force analysis in Xilingol League. China Environmental Science, 2017, 37(12): 4734-4743.
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