病害对豆科牧草光合作用、营养成分及根瘤的影响
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参考文献
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表 1 病害对豆科牧草光合作用的影响
Table 1 Effect of diseases on leguminous forage plants and photosynthesis
豆科牧草
Leguminous forage plant病害名称
Disease病原真菌
Pathogen影响结果
Effect试验条件
Experiment conditions参考文献
Reference沙打旺
Astragalus adsurgens黄矮根腐病
Yellow stunt and root rot埃里砖格孢
Embellisa
astragali叶片脱落、变小、黄化；株形收缩
Leaves fall off, smaller, yellowish; plants stunted大田
Field[12] 紫花苜蓿
Medicago sativa锈病
Rust条纹单孢锈
Uromyces striatus表皮破坏，光合速率下降，呼吸强度上升
Destructed epidermis, decreased photosynthetic rate, increased respiratory intensity[13] 紫花苜蓿
Mdicago sativa霜霉病
Downy mildew苜蓿霜霉病菌
Peronospora aestivalis叶绿素含量下降 28.4%～68.6%
Decreased chlorophyll content by 28.4% to 68.6%[13] 紫花苜蓿
Mdicago sativa叶斑病
Leaf spot匍柄霉
Stemphylium botryosum叶绿素 a 含量下降，t1/2和 Fv/Fm 值减小
Decreased chlorophyll a content, reduced t1/2 and Fv/Fm values温室
Greenhouse[14] 紫花苜蓿
Mdicago sativa根腐病
Root rot镰刀菌
Fusarium spp.
立枯丝核菌
Rhizoctonia solani病斑、枯黄、枝条萎蔫
Lesions, yellow, branches wilt[15] 紫花苜蓿
Mdicago sativa茎点霉叶斑病
Spring black stem and leaf spot苜蓿茎点霉
Phoma
medicaginis降低光合电子传递效率、羧化效率
Decreased photosynthetic electron transfer
efficiency, and carboxylation efficiency温室
Greenhouse[16] 
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表 2 病害对豆科牧草营养成分的影响
Table 2 Effect of disease on nutrients of leguminous forage plants
豆科牧草
Legume forage plants病害名称
Disease病原真菌
Pathogen影响结果
Effect试验条件
Experiment conditions参考文献
Reference紫花苜蓿
Medicago
sativa褐斑病
Leaf spot苜蓿假盘孢菌
Pseudopeziza medicaginis增加钙、磷、粗灰分含量；降低粗蛋白、粗脂肪、无氮浸出物
Increased Ca, P, crude ash content; decreased crude protein, crude fat, nitrogen-free extract content.大田
Field[22] 红豆草
Onobrychis viciaefolia茎点霉叶斑病
Stem and leaf spot茎点霉
Phoma spp.降低粗蛋白和粗灰分含量，增加酸洗纤维、粗脂肪、钙磷含量
Decreased crude protein and crude ash content, increased pickling fibers, crude fat, calcium, and phosphorus content.调查
Survey[23] 紫花苜蓿
Medicago
sativa褐斑病
Leaf spot苜蓿假盘孢菌
Pseudopeziza medicaginis降低粗蛋白、粗脂肪、K含量；增加中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、粗灰分、Ca、总酚、单宁含量
Decreased crude protein, crude fat, K content; increased neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, crude ash, Ca, total phenol, tannin content.大田
Field[24] 红豆草
Onobrychis viciaefolia
白花草木樨
Melilotus albus
箭筈豌豆
Vicia sativa锈病
Rust红豆单孢锈、博
伊单孢锈、香豌
豆单孢锈
Uromyces onobrychidis,
U. beaumlerianus,
U. orobi增加粗纤维含量，降低粗蛋白和16种氨基酸含量
Increased crude fiber content, decreased total crude protein, and content of 16 amino acids.大田
Field[25]
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表 3 病害对豆科牧草根瘤形成的影响
Table 3 Effects of disease on nodulation of leguminous forage plants
植物
Plant病害名称
Disease病原真菌
Pathogen影响结果
Effect试验条件
Experiment conditions参考文献
Reference紫花苜蓿
Medicago sativa霜霉病
Downy mildew苜蓿霜霉
Peronospora aestivalis平均降低根瘤数 54.1%，病株根上均为无效根瘤
Decreased nodules by 54.1%, no invalid nodules on diseased root温室
Greenhouse[28] 紫花苜蓿
Medicago sativa根腐病
Root rot苜蓿疫霉
Pbytopbtbora megasperma
镰刀属
Fusarium根瘤数随接种病原菌液的浓度增加而减少
The number of nodules decreased with increasing concentration of inoculation pathogen solution.大田 Field
温室
Greenhouse[29] 大果沙枣
Elaeagnus moorcroftii褐斑病
Leaf spot沙枣褐斑病菌
Septoria argyraea降低结瘤量，在重量上可相差 3 倍
Decreased nodules, and the difference in weight was 3 fold.大田
Field[31] 扁豆
Lablab purpureus
菜豆
PPhaseolus vulgaris
绿豆
Vigna radiata根腐病
Root rot镰刀菌
Fusarium spp.
菜豆壳球孢
Macrophomina sp.
核盘菌
Sclerotinia sp.感病植株结瘤数均少于健康植株
The number of nodulated plants was less than that of healthy plants.温室
Greenhouse[32]
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