新疆西昆仑山禾本科植物物种多样性特点

谭治刚; 阎平; 张丽君; 黄刚; 杜珍珠

doi:10.11829/j.issn.1001-0629.2016-0537

新疆西昆仑山禾本科植物物种多样性特点

石河子大学生命科学学院,新疆石河子 832003

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金(31260047)

摘要: 通过实地考察和植物标本的采集与鉴定,并结合相关文献资料的查阅,对新疆西昆仑山禾本科植物物种多样性特点进行了研究。结果表明,新疆西昆仑山的禾本科植物共计37属137种,分别占新疆禾本科植物属、种总数的52.11%和42.55%,属种丰富度比较高;其中发现该区新记录植物6种。本区禾本科植物特有现象不明显,属的组成以仅含1种的属(17属17种)和少种属(13属35种)为主,共计30属52种,分别占属、种总数的81.08%和37.96%;中型属(4属32种)和较大属(3属53种)共计7属85种,分别占属、种总数的18.92%和62.04%,在种级水平占据明显优势,是该区系的主体。区系地理成分有6个分布类型和4个变型,以温带分布及其变型为主。植物生活型以多年生草本(116种,占84.67%)为主,其次为一年生草本(21种,占15.33%)。生态型以中生植物(63种,占45.99%)和旱生植物(61种,占44.53%)为主,显示其与草原、草甸的密切关系,另有少量湿生植物(13种,占9.49%)。说明该地区比较适合禾本科多年生的旱生和中生植物生长,且该区系的禾本科植物地理成分类型与该区所处地理位置为温带较吻合。

关键词:

English

Characteristics of species diversity of gramineous plants of West Kunlun Mountains in Xinjiang

College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China

Received Date: 2016-10-18
Publish Date: 2017-08-19

Abstract: The characteristics of species diversity of gramineous plants of West Kunlun Mountains in Xinjiang were studied by field investigation, collection and identification of plant specimens, and by referring to relevant literature. The research shows that gramineous plants of West Kunlun Mountains in Xinjiang included 37 genera, and 137 species, which accounts for 52.11 and 42.55% of genera and species, respectively, of Gramineae in Xinjiang. Gramineae species richness is relatively high in Xinjiang; and six novel species were discovered. The endemism of gramineous plants is not obvious in this area, the composition of the genus is dominated by single species (17 genera and 17 species) and few species genera (13 genera and 35 species), which have totally 30 genera and 52 species, respectively accounted for 81.08% and 37.96% of genera and species. Seven genera consisting of 85 species, which were moderately (4 genera and 32 species) or largely dominant (3 genera and 53 species), accounted for 18.92 and 62.04% of the total number genera and species, respectively, which are major components of the flora. The geographical elements of the flora are divided into six types and four variants, which exhibit temperate distribution and its variants. The dominant life form is perennial herbs (116 species, accounted for 84.67%), followed by annual herb (21 species, accounted for 15.33%). The ecotype is dominated by mesophytes (63 species, accounted for 45.99%), xerophytes (61 species, accounted for 44.53%) and a small number of hygrophytes (13 species, accounted for 9.49%), showing close relationship with grassland and meadow. These results indicated that this region was more suitable for the growth of perennial xerophytes and mesophytes of Gramineae, and the geographical distribution type of gramineous plants in this area was in agreement with the geographical location of the area.

Keywords:

HTML全文

参考文献(42)

[1]	吴玉虎.昆仑植物志4.重庆:重庆出版社,2013.
[1]	Wu Y H.Flora Kunlunica:Tomus 4.Chongqing:Chongqing Publishing House,2013.(in Chinese)
[2]	Cui N R.Flora Xinjiangensis.Tomus 6.Urumchi:Xinjiang Science and Techinology and Hygiene Publishing House,1996.(in Chinese)
[2]	崔乃然.新疆植物志(第6卷).乌鲁木齐:新疆科技卫生出版社,1996.
[3]	The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Bureau of Surveying and Mapping.Atals of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.Beijing:SinoMaps Press,2009.(in Chinese)
[3]	新疆维吾儿自治区测绘局.新疆维吾儿自治区地图集.北京:中国地图出版社,2009.
[4]	Institute of Tibetan Plateau Comprehensive Scientific Expedition.Karakorum-Kunlun Mountains Regional Nature Geography.Beijing:Science Press,1999.(in Chinese)
[4]	中国科学院青藏高原综合科学考察队.喀喇昆仑山-昆仑山地区自然地理.北京:科学出版社,1999.
[5]	Zheng D,Zhang B P.A study on the altitudinal belts and environmental problems of the Karakoram and West Kunlun Mountains.Journal of Natural Resources,1989,4(3):254-266.(in Chinese)
[5]	郑度,张百平.喀喇昆仑山-西昆仑山地区的垂直自然带环境和自然保护问题.自然资源学报,1989,4(3):254-266.
[6]	Cao T,Yan P,Huang G,Yang S P,Tian L N,Wang H.Study on the flora of forest trees of West Kunlun Mountains in Xinjiang.Northern Horticulture,2015(8):54-58.(in Chinese)
[6]	曹婷,阎平,黄刚,杨淑萍,田丽娜,王慧.新疆西昆仑山天然林木区系特征.北方园艺,2015(8):54-58.
[7]	吴玉虎.青藏高原维管植物及其生态地理分布.北京:科学出版社,2008.
[7]	Wu Y H.The Vascular Plants and Their Eco-geographical Distribution of The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.Beijing:Science Press,2008.(in Chinese)
[8]	中国科学院中国植物志编委会.中国植物志(9-10).北京:科学出版社,1996-1997.
[8]	Delectis Florae Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae Agendae Academiae Sinicae Edita.Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae:Vol.(9-10).Beijing:Science Press,1996-1997.(in Chinese)
[9]	Wu Z Y.Flora Xizangica:Vol 5.Beijing:Science Press,1987.(in Chinese)
[9]	吴征镒.西藏植物志5.北京:科学出版社,1987.
[10]	Wu Y H,Wu S G,Fei Y.Floristic characteristics of Gramineae in Pamirs of Kunlun Mountains.Arid Zone Research,1993,10(1):40-47.(in Chinese)
[10]	吴玉虎,武素功,费勇.昆仑山地区禾本科植物的区系特点.干旱区研究,1993,10(1):40-47.
[11]	吴玉虎.喀喇昆仑山和昆仑山地区禾本科植物区系.植物研究,2005,25(1):107-114.
[11]	Wu Y H.The floristic of the family Gramineae of Karakorum and Kunlun area,China.Bulletin of Botanical Research,2005,25(1):107-114.(in Chinese)
[12]	许金凤,马红梅,张建全,柴琦.兰州南北两山种子植物区系.草业科学,2016,33(3):408-423.
[12]	Xu J F,Ma H M,Zhang J Q,Chai Q.The flora characteristic of seed plants in the Southern and Northern Mountains of Lanzhou.Pratacultural Science,2016,33(3):408-423.(in Chinese)
[13]	雷彩芳,上官铁梁,赵冰清,张婕,许驭丹,郭东罡.灵空山采伐干扰下油松林林间草地物种多样性分析.草业科学,2014,31(11):2060-2068.
[13]	Lei C F,Shangguan T L,Zhao B Q,Zhang J,Xu Y D,Guo Z G.Diversity analysis of harvesting on Pinus tabulaeformis inter forest grassland in Lingkong Mountain.Pratacultural Science,2014,31(11):2060-2068.(in Chinese)
[14]	鲍根生,张兴旭,李秀璋,魏小星,李春杰.青海高原禾草内生真菌资源的调查和分离.草业科学,2015,32(12):1997-2007.
[14]	Bao G S,Zhang X X,Li X Z,Wei X X,Li C J.Incidence and isolation of endophyte in native grasses of Qinghai Plateau.Pratacultural Science,2015,32(12):1997-2007.(in Chinese)
[15]	Guo Y M,Wang G P,Yan P,Yang Q L.Resources and evaluation of gramineous plants in Karakorum Mountains of China.Pratacultural Science,2010,27(9):69-74.(in Chinese)
[15]	郭一敏,王果平,阎平,杨清理.中国喀喇昆仑山禾本科植物资源及其评价.草业科学,2010,27(9):69-74.
[16]	Wang G P,Zhou M D,Yan P.Floristic characteristics of Gramineae in Pamirs Plateau of China.Pratacultural Science,2006,23(5):2-6.(in Chinese)
[16]	王果平,周明冬,阎平.中国帕米尔高原禾本科植物区系特点.草业科学,2006,23(5):2-6.
[17]	任姗姗,徐文斌,阎平,谭治刚.新疆巴里坤北部界山植物区系研究.干旱区研究,2015(6):1153-1159.
[17]	Ren S S,Xu W B,Yan P,Tan Z G.Study on the flora of northern International Boundary Mountains in Balikun,Xinjiang.Arid Zone Research,2015(6):1153-1159.(in Chinese)
[18]	许晓敏.中国喀喇昆仑山种子植物物种多样性研究.石河子:石河子大学硕士学位论文,2011.
[18]	Xu X M.Species diversity study of seed plants in Karakorum Mauntains of China.Master Thesis.Shihezi:Shihezi University,2011.(in Chinese)
[19]	吴征镒.种子植物分布区类型及其起源和分化.昆明:云南科技出版社,2006.
[19]	Wu Z Y.The Areal-Types of Seed Plants and Their Origin and Differentiation.Kunming:Yunnan Science and Techinology Press,2006.(in Chinese)
[20]	中国植被编辑委员会.中国植被.北京:科学技术出版社,1995.
[20]	Editorial Committee of Chinese Vegetation.Chinese Vegetation.Beijing:Science #x00026; Technology Publishing House,1995.(in Chinese)
[21]	杨淑萍,阎平,任姗姗,李珊珊.新疆北塔山地区药用植物资源及多样性分析.植物科学学报,2016,34(3):371-380.
[21]	Yang S P,Yan P,Ren S S,Li S S.Medicinal plant resources and their diversity in the Beita Mountains of Xinjiang.Plant Science Journal,2016,34(3):371-380.(in Chinese)

资源附件(0)

计量

PDF下载量: 158
文章访问数: 1183
HTML全文浏览量: 174
被引次数: 0

新疆西昆仑山禾本科植物物种多样性特点

English

Characteristics of species diversity of gramineous plants of West Kunlun Mountains in Xinjiang

计量

文章相关

目录