利用方式对兰州南部山区林草地土壤特性的影响

吴永华; 钟 芳

doi:10.11829/j.issn.1001-0629.2013-0475

利用方式对兰州南部山区林草地土壤特性的影响

吴永华¹,
钟芳²

1.
兰州市园林科学研究所,甘肃兰州730070
2.
兰州市南北两山环境绿化工程指挥部,甘肃兰州730046

基金项目:

国家科技支撑计划项目——黄土丘陵-风沙区生态修复技术集成与试验示范(2011BAC07B05-5)

摘要: 以兰州南部山区林草地不同利用方式——陡坡耕地、陡坡撂荒(1年、5年和10年)和撂荒辅以人工造林(30年)为对象,研究不同利用方式对林草地主要植被种类和盖度、土壤化学特性(有机质、全氮、碱解氮和速效钾等)和微生物量(碳、氮和磷)的影响。结果表明,不同利用方式下的植被种类、植被盖度差异较大,撂荒辅以人工造林(30年以上)物种丰富度和盖度最高,撂荒10年次之,撂荒1年最小且形成以蒿类为主的不稳定杂类草群落。土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮和速效钾含量:撂荒辅以人工造林(30年)＞撂荒10年＞撂荒5年＞撂荒1年＞陡坡耕地;土壤速效磷、pH值和CaCO3含量:陡坡耕地＞撂荒1年＞撂荒5年＞撂荒10年＞撂荒辅以人工造林(30年)。随耕地年限的增加,土壤微生物量碳和氮变化趋势相似,即:撂荒辅以人工造林(30年)＞10年＞撂荒5年＞荒撂1年＞陡坡耕地;土壤微生物量磷含量的变化趋势:撂荒辅以人工造林(30年)＞陡坡耕地＞撂荒10年＞撂荒1年＞撂荒5年。土壤微生物量碳、氮与有机质、全氮及碱性氮呈极显著正相关(P0.01),与碳酸钙、速效磷呈显著负相关(P0.05),微生物量磷与碳酸钙呈显著负相关(P0.05)。

关键词:

English

Effects of utilization types on soil properties of forest-grassland in Lanzhou South Region

Yong-hua WU¹,
Fang ZHONG²

1.
Institute of Garden Research of Lanzhou, Lanzhou 730070, China
2.
Green Project Headquarter of South-North Hills Environments of Lanzhou, Lanzhou 730046, China

Received Date: 2013-08-17
Publish Date: 2014-05-14

Abstract: Characteristics of plant species and coverage, soil chemical properties (soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen and available potassium etc.)and microbial biomass of different utilization types including sloping farmland (SF), abandoned (1, 5 and 10 year) and 30- year-abandoned with forestation (30AF) were invested in Forest-grassland of Lanzhou South Region. The results showed that plant species and coverage had great difference for different utilization types. Utilization type of 30AF had the highest plant abundance and coverage, followed by 10 year abandoned (10AF) and 1-year abandoned (1AF) had least plant abundance and coverage and formed an unstable artemisia dominated community. Soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen and available potassium contents decreased with the following orders: 30AF＞SF＞10AF＞5AF＞1AF, however, available phosphorus, pH and CaCO3 contents decreased with the following orders: SF＞1AF＞5AF＞10AF＞30AF. SMBC and SMBN decreased in following orders: 30AF＞10AF＞5AF＞1AF＞SF. Soil microbial biomass phosphorus (SMBP) decreased with the following orders: 30AF＞SF＞10AF＞1AF＞5AF. The Pearson correlation analysis indicated that SMBC and SMBN presented significant positive relationship(P0.01) with organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen and remarkable negative relationship with available P and CaCO3(P0.05). There was a significantly negative relationship between SMBP and CaCO3(P0.05).

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参考文献(1)

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利用方式对兰州南部山区林草地土壤特性的影响

English

Effects of utilization types on soil properties of forest-grassland in Lanzhou South Region

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