美国农业生态补偿典型案例剖析
摘要:
作为一种将生态环境外部的、非市场化的价值转化为对当地环境服务提供者的财政激励的创新性手段，生态补偿为生态环境的保护提供了新途径。美国是世界上实施生态补偿较早的国家，在实施生态补偿方面建立了完善的体系和方法，而我国在自然环境和社会历史因素方面与美国具有相似特性，因此，分析美国的农业生态补偿对我国发展生态补偿具有重要的现实意义。美国农业生态补偿的初衷是稳定农产品市场价格，在长期的发展过程中，其已建立了健全的法律保障体系、动态的管理体系以及针对不同区域环境状况的差异化补偿标准。同时，依据特定区域的环境指标进行层次明确、重点突出的优先补偿措施，也保证了其实现单位补偿资金效益最大化的发挥，这些都为我国发展生态补偿提供了重要借鉴。
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