Advance in the turfgrass resistance

The turf is one of important components of human ecosystem. Recently, the turf was widely planted and turf industry developed fast in China with the improvement of human life level and the concept. This study summarized the recent advances in drought, submergence, heat, cold, salinity resistance of turfgrass from seed germination, root configuration, photosynthetic characteristics, physiological and biochemical parameters of plants. The stress resistance of turfgrass varied with the species and experimental conditions. Meanwhile, this study reviewed the ways to improve turfgrass resistance from application of fertilizers, microorganisms and growth regulators, which will provide some concepts and approaches for turfgrass resistance.