李卓琳, 穆春生, 吴春英. 气候变化对草原多年生克隆植物无性繁殖的影响. 草业科学, 2017,34(8):1694-1704
Li Zhuo-lin, Mu Chun-sheng, Wu Chun-ying. Review of the effects of climate change on the propagation of perennial clonal plants. Pratacultural Science,2017,34(8): 1694-1704
Review of the effects of climate change on the propagation of perennial clonal plants
Li Zhuo-lin1, Mu Chun-sheng2, Wu Chun-ying3
1.Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Ecological Restoration of Shanghai, School of Ecological and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
2.Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
3.Grassland Management Station of Yanbian Autonomous Prefecture, Yanji 133001, China
Climate change consists of many simultaneous factors which have different influences on plants, animals and microbes in various ecosystems. Clonal plants have two different modes of reproduction, sexual reproduction and vegetative propagation. Many clonal plants have abandoned or nearly abandoned sexual reproduction, owing to environmental adaptation. To some extent, their vegetative propagation ability might represent the total productivity of these plants. Therefore, the response of clonal plant propagation to climate change has becomea crucial issue. In this paper, we review the effects of the main climatic factors on clonal growth of a perennial plant. Both elevated CO2 and nitrogen deposition increased the output of daughter shoots in most papers, but decreasing precipitation had adverse or noeffect. Warming time had different effects on daughter shoots. Although there is a lot of research about the effects of eachclimate change factor on clonal plants, studies showing howthe interaction of these factors affectsclonal plant propagation arescarce.To strengthen the body of research, studies about how interaction among the climatic factors affectsclonal plants areessential, because theynot only enrich knowledge of clonal plant and global change ecology, but also provide practical guidance for grassland management in the future.
Keyword:
CO2; warming; precipation pattern; N deposition; clonal growth
图1 气候变化主要因子对植物光合、生长和无性繁殖的影响 注:红色箭头代表促进作用, 蓝色箭头代表抑制作用, 黑色箭头代表相关文献研究结果差异较大。Fig. 1 Effect of climate change on photosynthetic rate, growth and propagation of clonal plants Note: Red, blue and black arrows represent positive, negative and complex influence on plants, respectively.
表1
Table 1
表1(Table 1)
表1 模拟气候变化的主要处理手段Table 1 Main treatment methods that mimic climatechange
表2 增温、CO2、降水或氮沉降对芽库的影响Table 2 Effects of warming, elevated CO2, precipitation or N deposition on bud bank
试验处理 Treatment
对象 Object
试验条件 Experimental condition
主要结论 Main conclusion
参考文献 Reference
夏季夜间增温 Summer nocturnal warming
羊草 Leymus chinensis
气候室, 盆栽 phytotron, pot
促进芽和子株的输出 advanced output of bud and daughter shoot
[18]
夏季增温 Summer warming
羊草 Leymus chinensis
气候室, 盆栽 phytotron, pot
促进芽的产生, 但减少子株数 advanced output of bud, but decreased daughter shoot number
[41]
CO2 Elevated CO2
芦苇 Phragmites australis
气候室, 盆栽 phytotron, pot
促进芽及子株的输出 advanced output of bud and daughter shoot
[51]
干旱 Drought
高草草原群落 tallgrass prairie community
野外控制 filed control
芽库密度对干旱响应不明显 bud bank density is insensitive to drought
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降水量 Precipitation
刺果垂穗草 Bouteloua eriopoda
野外控制 field control
匍匐茎对降水敏感度强于活性芽, 降水量对次年的群落结构影响大, 主要源于匍匐茎密度的改变 stolon density was sensitive to precipitation than active buds, and past precipitation is more important on structural components due to stolon density
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氮沉降 Nitrogen deposition
禾叶慈姑 Sagittaria graminea
气候室, 盆栽 phytotron, pot
高氮增加中小球茎的产生和匍匐茎的延长 high nitrogen increased medium and small corm, extended stolon
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氮沉降 Nitrogen deposition
高寒草甸群落 alpine meadow communnity
野外控制 field control
施氮延迟了禾本科植物的第1次开花时间 first flowering date was delayed by N addition for graminoid species
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表2 增温、CO2、降水或氮沉降对芽库的影响Table 2 Effects of warming, elevated CO2, precipitation or N deposition on bud bank
表3 增温、CO2、降水和氮沉降的交互作用对植物种群或群落的影响Table 3 Effects of warming, elevated CO2, rainfall and nitrogen deposition on plant population or community
试验处理 Treatment
对象 Object
试验条件 Experimental condition
主要结论 Main conclusion
参考文献 Reference
夏季增温和干旱 Summer warming and drought
美国中部草原 Central U.S. grassland
野外控制 field control
增温没有影响, 干旱影响显著, C3非禾本科植物比C4禾本科更易受影响 warming is not significant. C3 forb was negatively impacted by drought than C4 grass
[40]
春夏增温和干旱 Spring warming and drought
毛竹 Quercus pubescene
花园试验 garden experiment
增温和干旱没有交互作用 no interaction between warming and drought
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CO2、降水量 Elevated CO2, precipitation
羊草 Leymus chinensis
气候室, 盆栽 phytotron, pot
CO2补偿干旱的负面影响, 且在高降水量时影响减弱 elevated CO2 compensated negative effect of drought, and not advanced under high precipitation
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CO2、增温和干旱 Elevated CO2, warming and drought
黑麦草, 车前草 Lolium perenne, Plantago lanceolata
气候室, 盆栽 phytotron, pot
增温加重了干旱的作用, CO2部分补偿干旱作用, CO2和增温的共同作用引发干旱效应的滞后 synergistic effect between warming and drought, elevated CO2 and warming induced the lagged effect of drought
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表3 增温、CO2、降水和氮沉降的交互作用对植物种群或群落的影响Table 3 Effects of warming, elevated CO2, rainfall and nitrogen deposition on plant population or community
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